Alocasia ‘Polly’

1. Brief Description

Alocasia ‘Polly’, commercially known as the “African mask plant” or “Amazonian elephant ear,” is a compact tropical ornamental characterized by its dark green—nearly black—arrow/kite-shaped leaves with striking, contrasting light-colored veins.It is not a true species but a hybrid Alocasia cultivar.

2. Botanical Information

Taxonomy: Family Araceae; Genus Alocasia; probable hybrid name: Alocasia × amazonica ‘Polly’.

Origin: Not a naturally occurring species; believed to be a hybrid derived from Southeast Asian Alocasia species, most likely A. longiloba × A. sanderiana, selected for ornamental use.

Morphology:

• Leaves: Arrow or kite-shaped, 20–40 cm long, thick, glossy, dark green to nearly black; veins prominently light-colored.

• Underside: Typically purplish or smoky.

• Growth form: Clump-forming plant emerging from a corm/rhizome, reaching 40–60 cm in height.

• Toxicity: Like other Alocasia species, contains insoluble calcium oxalate crystals, causing irritation if ingested and toxic to pets.

3. Growing Conditions

Light

• Prefers bright but indirect or filtered light.

• Direct midday sun can scorch the leaves.

• In low-light conditions, leaf production declines and coloration fades.

Soil

• Rich in organic matter, well-draining and airy; an aroid mix containing peat/coco coir + bark + perlite is ideal.

• Constantly wet or heavy soil increases susceptibility to root rot.

Water

• Soil should remain consistently slightly moist, never soggy.

• Water when the top layer begins to dry.

• Do not allow water to sit in the saucer.

Temperature & Humidity

• Optimal temperature: 18–27°C.

• Prolonged exposure below 15°C causes stress.

• High humidity (≥60%) significantly improves leaf quality; low indoor humidity often leads to brown leaf tips.

4. Care Guidelines

Watering Management

• Overwatering → root rot, drooping, yellowing

• Underwatering → leaf wilt, potential dormancy

• Reduce watering during winter when growth slows.

Fertilization

• Apply a diluted, balanced liquid fertilizer every 4–6 weeks during spring–summer.

• Over-fertilization can cause salt buildup and root burn.

Humidity & Microclimate

• Avoid dry drafts from radiators or air conditioners.

• Use humidity trays, room humidifiers, or group plants together to maintain moisture.

Leaf Care

• Clean leaf surfaces regularly with a soft, damp cloth.

• Leaf-shine chemicals are not recommended.

Pests & Diseases

• Prone to spider mites, especially under warm, dry conditions.

• Constantly wet foliage increases the risk of fungal leaf spots; avoid wetting the leaves during watering.

5. Landscape Use

Indoor Specimen Plant

Used as a “statement plant” in containers within living rooms, offices, lobbies, and other stable, warm, high-humidity interiors.

Tropical Interior / Conservatory Gardens

Pairs well with other humidity-loving aroids (Monstera, Philodendron, Anthurium) in grouped plantings, where it provides strong vein and color contrast.

Shaded / Semi-shaded Outdoor Use

(Only in frost-free tropical–subtropical climates)Functions as an understory plant in protected, moist yet well-drained areas. Outdoor use in Mediterranean climates is limited due to frost sensitivity.

Container Compositions

Effective in decorative arrangements with large-leaved green plants for color and texture contrast.However, due to its care sensitivity, it is not recommended for low-maintenance landscapes.